Understanding Migration:
Insights from the Venezuelan Refugee Panel Survey.

A multi-year longitudinal study of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, designed to understand how regularization programs impact migrants' well-being and Colombian society.

Regularization programs grants temporary access to labor markets and social safety nets to migrants in hosting countries

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A data-driven approach to understanding migration

The Venezuelan Refugee Panel Study (VenRePS) collects data on the same migrants across time. It studies the effects of a regularization program called PEP (Permiso Especial de Permanencia) in Colombia. It was conducted between 2020 and 2021 and followed 2,232 migrant households to examine how legal status influences economic stability, social integration, political outcomes, and overall well-being.

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The Permiso Especial de Permanencia (PEP)

The Colombian government created the PEP regularization program to foster the integration of Venezuelan forced migrants into Colombian society and the economy.

The PEP granted beneficiaries regular migratory status, work authorization, access to private services, and inclusion in the social protection system.

PEP Benefits

Legal migratory status for two years

Access to financial services

Work permit

Access to social protection system.

VenRePS
Adults

VenRePS adults focuses on adults aged 18 and older who were undocumented upon arrival and entered the country between January 2017 and December 2018

VenRePS
Kids

VenRePs Kids collects data on Venezuelan and Colombian children ages 5 to 17 living in Medellín. It explores how international and internal forced displacement affects holistic children development including cognitive, socioemotional, and physical outcomes

VenRePS
Adults

The VenReP Survey is a longitudinal study designed to assess the long-term effects of the PEP regularization program on Venezuelan forced migrants in Colombia. It focuses on adults aged 18 and older who were undocumented upon arrival and entered the country between January 2017 and December 2018.

VenRePS
Kids

VenRePs-Kids is a longitudinal study representative of forcibly displaced Venezuelan and Colombian children and adolescents aged 5 to 17.

Our allies

Academic Publications

Peer-reviewed studies exploring the effects of Venezuelan migration and regularization policies on migrants’ well-being, labor markets, public services, and host communities.

Explore the study findings
Policy Research

Life Out of the Shadows: The Impacts of Regularization Programs on the Lives of Forced Migrants

By Ana María Ibáñez , Andrés Moya , María Adelaida Ortega , Sandra V Rozo , Maria José Urbina

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Led to large improvements in well-being—48% higher consumption, 22% higher labor income, and better health (1.2 SD).

  • Migrants gained access to services, including subsidized healthcare, social protection, and financial products.

  • Regularized migrants cost less to the government, thanks to increased tax revenue and lower emergency healthcare expenses.

Policy Research

Give me your tired and your poor: Impact of a large-scale amnesty program for undocumented refugees

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Minimal effects on Colombian workers, with a slight drop in formal employment (0.1 pts), mainly among educated women.

  • Legal status boosted formal employment among Venezuelan migrants.

  • No harm to native labor markets—evidence supports inclusive refugee work policies.

Policy Research

Fertility Responses to Regularization Programs: Evidence from Forced Venezuelan Migrants in Colombia

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Reduced fertility among eligible households following legal status.

  • Improved access to family planning and formal employment.

  • Helped align migrant fertility with native levels, supporting integration and social cohesion.

Fertility

Fertility Responses to Regularization Programs Evidence From Forced Venezuelan Migrants in Colombia

Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Ana María Ibañez, Sandra V. Rozo and Salvador Traettino

How do regularization programs shape the fertility of forced migrants? Using data from a unique panel study...

Labor Outcomes

Give me your tired and your poor: Impact of a large-scale amnesty program for undocumented refugees

Dany Bahar, Ana María Ibáñez and Sandra V. Rozo

We study the labor market impacts of the Permiso Especial de Permanencia program, the largest migratory amnesty program...

Labor Outcomes
Well-Being

Life Out of the Shadows: The Impacts of Regularization Programs on the Lives of Forced Migrants

By Ana María Ibáñez , Andrés Moya , María Adelaida Ortega , Sandra V Rozo , Maria José Urbina

We examine the well-being effects of a regularization program offered to half a million Venezuelan forced migrants in Colombia...

Explore the Study Findings
Academic Publications

Peer-reviewed studies examining the effects of Venezuelan migration and regularization policies on migrants’ well-being, labor market outcomes, access to public services, and the impact on host communities.

Explore the study findings
Policy Research

Life Out of the Shadows: The Impacts of Regularization Programs on the Lives of Forced Migrants

By Ana María Ibáñez , Andrés Moya , María Adelaida Ortega , Sandra V Rozo , Maria José Urbina

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Led to large improvements in well-being—48% higher consumption, 22% higher labor income, and better health (1.2 SD).

  • Migrants gained access to services, including subsidized healthcare, social protection, and financial products.

  • Regularized migrants cost less to the government, thanks to increased tax revenue and lower emergency healthcare expenses.

Policy Research

Give me your tired and your poor: Impact of a large-scale amnesty program for undocumented refugees

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Minimal effects on Colombian workers, with a slight drop in formal employment (0.1 pts), mainly among educated women.

  • Legal status boosted formal employment among Venezuelan migrants.

  • No harm to native labor markets—evidence supports inclusive refugee work policies.

Policy Research

Fertility Responses to Regularization Programs: Evidence from Forced Venezuelan Migrants in Colombia

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Reduced fertility among eligible households following legal status.

  • Improved access to family planning and formal employment.

  • Helped align migrant fertility with native levels, supporting integration and social cohesion.

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